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- $Unique_ID{BRK03563}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Carcinoma, Squamous Cell}
- $Subject{Carcinoma Squamous Cell Skin Cancer Carcinoma Epirmoid Intradermal
- Bowen's Disease Basal Cell Carcinoma Malignant Melanoma}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1990 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 764:
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Squamous Cell
- Carcinoma) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Skin Cancer
- Carcinoma, Epirmoid Intradermal
-
- Disorder Subdivision;
-
- Bowen's Disease
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Malignant Melanoma
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma is among the most common types of skin cancer.
- It usually develops on the tissue that composes the skin and mucous lining of
- the body cavities (epithelium), but may occur anywhere on the body. With
- appropriate treatment it is usually curable. Squamous Cell Carcinoma most
- commonly affects individuals who are exposed to large amounts of sunlight.
- Susceptibility is related to the amount of melanin pigment in the skin, and
- light-skinned persons are most vulnerable.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma may develop anywhere on the skin or mucous membranes.
- It is characterized by a red papule or plaque with a scaly or crusted
- surface. Most cases appear on sun-exposed areas of the body, but some occur
- in other areas such as the mouth. In some cases, the bulk of the lesion may
- lie below the skin, eventually ulcerating and invading the underlying tissue.
- Approximately two-thirds of lesions on the tongue or mucous membranes of the
- body have not spread before they have been diagnosed.
-
- Bowen's Disease is a superficial form of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. It
- appears as a solitary or multiple lesion and resembles a patch of psoriasis.
- The area may be itchy, reddish brown, and scaly or crusted with a round or
- oval shape. The lesion is often irregularly thickened and the borders
- sharply defined and slightly elevated.
-
- Causes
-
- The most common causes of Squamous Cell Carcinoma are radiation from the sun
- and arsenic exposure. Skin damaged by radiation, heat, exposure to chemical
- carcinogens, chronic draining sinuses or skin ulcers is most susceptible to
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
-
- Bowen's Disease is caused by the human papilloma virus and is infectious.
- It may appear on the genitals and lead to cervical or other urogenital
- infections and cancers. (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Bowen" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.
-
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma may develop on normal tissue or it may develop on
- preexisting patches of precancerous tissue (leukoplakia).
-
- Affected Population
-
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a common form of skin cancer that affects men and
- women equally. Individuals who are chronically exposed to sunlight or
- arsenic are at higher risk of being affected. The Bowen's Disease form of
- this disorder occurs most commonly in older Caucasian males with fair
- complexions.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Squamous Cell
- Carcinoma. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis;
-
- Basal Cell Carcinomas appear as small, shiny, firm nodules or ulcerated,
- crusted lesions. The lesions may be difficult to differentiate from
- psoriasis or localized dermatitis. A Basal Cell Carcinoma usually first
- appears as a small, shiny papule which enlarges slowly. After a few months
- the papule develops a shiny, pearly border containing abnormally dilated
- capillaries (telangiectasias) and a central ulcer. Recurrent crusting or
- bleeding is not unusual and the lesion continues to enlarge slowly. Basil
- Cell Carcinomas rarely spread to other parts of the body, but may cause
- further problems by intruding upon underlying vital structures such as eyes,
- ears, mouth or bone.
-
- Malignant Melanomas occur on the skin, mucous membranes, eyes or on
- pigment cells of the central nervous system. They appear in different sizes,
- shapes, and colors. Danger signals that suggest malignant transformation of
- pigmented tissue include changes in size, color (particularly the spread of
- pigmentation to surrounding normal skin in red, white and blue colors),
- surface characteristics, consistency, shape, or surrounding skin (especially
- with signs of inflammation). (For more information on this disorder, choose
- "Malignant Melanoma" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma depends upon the size, site and
- potential aggressiveness of the lesion. A biopsy is essential for diagnosis.
- Methods of treatment include the destruction of tissue by use of a high
- frequency electric current applied with a needle electrode
- (electrodessication), surgical removal, or x-ray therapy. Recurrences appear
- in approximately 5% of cases, and treatment is usually by microscopically
- controlled excision of the tissue (Moh's chemosurgery). The outlook for
- small lesions removed early and adequately is excellent.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through July
- 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Squamous Cell Carcinoma, please contact;
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- The Skin Cancer Foundation
- 245 Fifth Ave.
- Suite 2402
- New York, NY 10016
- (212) 725-5176
-
- American Cancer Society
- 1599 Clifton Rd., NE
- Atlanta, GA 30329
- (404) 320-3333
-
- NIH/National Cancer Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 31, Rm. 1A2A
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- 1-800-4-CANCER
-
- The National Cancer Institute has developed PDQ (Physician Data Query), a
- computerized database designed to give the public, cancer patients and
- families, and health professionals quick and easy access to many types of
- information vital to patients with this and many other types of cancer. To
- gain access to this service, call;
- Cancer Information Service (CIS)
- 1-800-4-CANCER
- In Washington, DC and suburbs in Maryland and Virginia, 636-5700
- In Alaska, 1-800-638-6070
- In Oahu, Hawaii, (808) 524-1234 (Neighbor islands call collect)
-
- References
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.; Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
- Co., 1987. Pp. 1374.
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL, Volume 1, 14th Ed.; Robert Berkow, M.D., ed.-in-chief;
- Merck Sharp & Dohme Laboratories, 1982. Pp. 2306-2307.
-
- HISTOLOGIC TUMOR REGRESSION GRADES IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE HEAD
- AND NECK AFTER PREOPERATIVE RADIOCHEMOTHERAPY. O.M. Braun et al.; CANCER
- (March 15, 1989: issue 63 (6)). Pp. 1097-1100.
-
- ULTRASTRUCTURAL EFFECTS OF IRRADIATION ON SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE
- HEAD AND NECK. P. Kellokumou-Lehtinen et al.; CANCER (March 15, 1989; issue
- 63 (6)). Pp. 1108-1118.
-
- TREATMENT OF RECURRENT SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE HEAD AND NECK WITH
- LOW DOSES OF INTERLEUKIN-2 INJECTED PERILYMPHATICALLY. G. Cortesina et al.;
- CANCER (December 15, 1989: issue 62 (12)). Pp. 2482-2485.
-
-